ROLE OF THE STATE IN ENSURING DEVELOPMENT IN A COUNTRY Essay Example for Free

ROLE OF THE STATE IN ENSURING DEVELOPMENT IN A COUNTRY Essay approachA extract may be simply delineate as a terra firma or territory considered as an organized political community under one giving medication. Claude Ake (1992) defines a subject as The organized aggregate of relatively permanent institutions of formation. It is seen as a set of associations and agencies claiming control over defined territories and their populations. The main components of the order are, consequently, decision making structures (executives, parties and parliaments), decision-enforcing institutions (bureaucracies, parastatal organizations and security forces) and decision-mediating bodies (primary courts, tribunals and investigatory commissions). The character of the province in whatever particular outlandish is determined by the pattern of organization of these institutions at specific points in time. The government is usually used interchangeably with the state but it however represent s the people or officers in government agency who change from time to time but the state does non change.see morethe role of spring chicken in nation buildingThe state plays a major(ip) role in the organic evolution of a country as it is the government/state that enacts key policies are key to sparing success and evolution in a given country. thither has however been a lot of contention oddly in African countries about the role of the state in regards to study of a country. This is because many African states relied and noneffervescent rely heavily on outside markets and expatriates for adjoin in the country. For deterrent example in southern Africa close to post colonial states depended on expatriates for the formulation of national studyal plans that ran for 5 to 15 stratums. These plans were overly mum financed by foreign donors. Asimilar case was seen in Tanzania whose first phase of its ambitious 15 year training plan was funded by external powers with domest ic funding being only a fifth of the raised capital. Hence the there is debate as to whether phylogeny is brought about by the state or by market forces that are independent.The role of the state in developmentThe state plays the interest roles that facilitate development in a country. These roles can be divided into the following categories a. The role of the state in current development classmesb. Development of wakeless governancec. Development of policiesImplementation of reformsThese reforms include morphological adjustments in the country that manage and control pricing of commodities in the country. Also the state has the powers to control diverse institutions including private institutions. The state should aim at implementing stable property rights, enforcing the rules and laws of the land and elimination of corruption. The state should also provide supervision over the provision of public goods and run such as transportation and security.Implementing development pro gramsThe state plays a major role in death penalty of development programs that form a rump bone former(a) which development takes place. For example in Tanzania there was implementation of a 15 year development plan with funding from both the state and foreign markets. In Kenya the vision 2030 is another good example of a state drive n development plan that aims at achieving development in the country through various started. The vision 2030 aims to create a internationally competitive and prosperous nation with a high prize of life by 2030.The tugs for this 2030 development program include scotch pillar that is aiming at a 10% gross domestic product increase by 2012 by tar stand bying tourism, agriculture, unanimous sale and retail trade, manufacturing, IT services and financial services.The second pillar in Kenyas 2030 development program is the social pillar. This pillar aims at investing in the people of Kenya in order to improve the quality of life for all Kenyans by ta rgeting education and training, health, environment, housing and urbanization, youth and sport development, gender children and social development. The states role in improvement of these factors provide sire a direct influence in development in the country. For example the improvement of education by ensuring that all people receive conventional education and professional training to create a pool of qualified work force that will supports the economic pillar of development and so increase in the GDP.The third pillar of the vision 2030 development program is the political pillar. This aims at moving into the future as one nation and envisions a parliamentary system that is issue based, people centred, result oriented and is accountable to the public. This pillar aims at creating a vaporish and accountable government.The vision 2030 for development has already commenced in Kenya with 120 transformational and flagship programmes across each pillar already in progress. This show s one of the roles of the state in implementing development programs and monitoring them.Implementation of quality governance.The state has the hold up of implementing stable rules and laws that govern the country. These rules protect property rights and create an entrepreneur friendly environment for local and foreign investment in the country.Studies pitch shown that there is a direct notificationship between good governance and the level of per capita income in the country. Establishmentof quality governance leads to increase of per capita income in the country. A good example is China that has experienced exponential growth over the last decade. State-centred accounts attribute Chinas economic success to the organizational capacity of local government to monitor and intervene to promote the development of town and village enterprises (Walder 1995). This has seen china change to a wet capitalist economy and by-pass other nations such as the former Soviet Union i.e. Russia th at were the favourites to see increased economic and development growth. China boasts of a strong authoritarian national leadership and an elite state bureaucracy that pursues developmental goals and industrial polity (Wade 1990). in time this role of the state in development, that is the implementation of good governance has been criticized because in developing countries of which a volume of African countries are there are no resources to implement good governance. This is due to lack of up to(predicate) skilled man power and capital to implement close supervision of state development projects. There is also look out on of various areas when development is taking place with localized development of capital cities and major towns at the expense of national development. This leads to most developing countries shifting to economic marketism with privatization of most institutions and the role of development shifts from the state to the market forces and foreign influence that com es with its own disadvantages in that development in the region in a situation of minimal state intervention remains low when compared to the era of economic nationalism, which seems to have recorded higher levels of social development (Khabele, 2002).Implementation of policiesThe state has the role of implementing policies that increase development and economic growth in a country. In most developing countries the policy challenge is not to get the state out of the way on the assumption that a capitalist market economy is already in existence and that the problem is to make it work better by removing excessive government regulation. The policy challenge is to create market and this should be reinforced by the state. The state should formulate policies that will break innovation in thecountry, structural transformation in terms of infrastructure and industrialisation policies that will go steady creation of jobs for the people of the country and hence aid to lower poverty in gener al and increase per capita income in the country. The state has the role of implementing policies in Kenya that will shift the policy in agriculture from neglect of the agriculture sector to active support to farmers through rural infrastructure, developing of linkages between agriculture and other sectors such as foreign exchange and industries. The government should also implement policies to aid in pay agricultural projects and improve the use of technology in agriculture. The Kenyan population rely heavily on agriculture for income and concentration on this resource can increase development in a country. The state also has the role to implement industrial policies that will enable increase in industries and manufacturing in a country. It should also ensure proper attention is paid to the education and training system in the country so that there is a pool of workers for the industries. Increase in industrialisation leads to economic growth and hence developments. The state shou ld also implement good trade policies both locally and internationally. Good trade policies accessary the industrial policy and support the trading environment to maximize on the attractiveness of a countries products and services in the region and globally. Lack of implementation of proper trade policies can hinder economic development and development. A good example is Zimbabwe that had failed to implement a comprehensive national trade policy. This lead to the pass up of export earnings by 49% from US$2.6 trillion in 1997 to around US$ 1.3 billion in 2008. This limited export of good lead to increased foreign debt of about 25.3% of the GDP in 2001 that greatly hindered economic development in the country. (Khabele et al 2002) the government of Zimbabwe has now realised the need for implementation of proper national trade policies in order to successfully participate in regional and global market. Zimbabwe has now implemented the National Trade Policy whose policy vision is to h ave trade as the engine for sustainable economic growth and development in Zimbabwe.CONCLUSIONThe role of the state in development has been an issue of heated debate at theoretical and policy arenas in the African especially since the attainment of independence of most of the countries. Two main alternative or contrasting development agendas that have driven the debate were those of the nationalist political elite or the state (economic nationalism) on one bargain and those of foreign capital (economic marketism) on the other. State intervention, as a key policy thrust of a development process is much stronger in respect of economic nationalism, which in itself is an expression of the political perpetration of African states to chart independent development paths for their countries. However the role of the state in development is not independent of marketism as foreign and local markets play a huge role in the development process. The ideal situation would be for the state, forei gn markets and private sectors to work together I good relation to ensure development in the various African countries.REFERENCES1. African Development Indicators, Drawn from World swear Africa Database, The World Bank, Washington D.C., 2001 2. Ake, C., Democracy and Development in Africa The Brookings Institution, Washington DC., 1996 3. Khabele M., The role of the state in development in SADC region council for development in Africa, Ghana, 2002 4. The ministry of Industry and commerce of Zimbabwe data base www.miit.gov.zw/policies, 2012